On SAT Reading, there are three kinds of questions that require you to read large amounts of text and distill them down into answers. These are called ‘big picture’ questions.
In contrast to ‘little picture’ questions that ask for specific details, big picture questions tend to ask about big ideas found in large chunks of text, which can be anything from a paragraph or a series of paragraphs up to an entire passage (or multiple passages, if it’s a paired passage question).